Testimonia — Early Christian Bible Commentary

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Revelation 11

1A reed like a rod was given to me. Someone said, “Rise and measure God’s temple, and the altar, and those who worship in it.

2Leave out the court which is outside of the temple, and don’t measure it, for it has been given to the nations. They will tread the holy city under foot for forty-two months.

3I will give power to my two witnesses, and they will prophesy one thousand two hundred sixty days, clothed in sackcloth.”

4These are the two olive trees and the two lamp stands, standing before the Lord of the earth.

5If anyone desires to harm them, fire proceeds out of their mouth and devours their enemies. If anyone desires to harm them, he must be killed in this way.

6These have the power to shut up the sky, that it may not rain during the days of their prophecy. They have power over the waters, to turn them into blood, and to strike the earth with every plague, as often as they desire.

7When they have finished their testimony, the beast that comes up out of the abyss will make war with them, and overcome them, and kill them.

8Their dead bodies will be in the street of the great city, which spiritually is called Sodom and Egypt, where also their Lord was crucified.

9From among the peoples, tribes, languages, and nations, people will look at their dead bodies for three and a half days, and will not allow their dead bodies to be laid in a tomb.

10Those who dwell on the earth will rejoice over them, and they will be glad. They will give gifts to one another, because these two prophets tormented those who dwell on the earth.

11After the three and a half days, the breath of life from God entered into them, and they stood on their feet. Great fear fell on those who saw them.

12I heard a loud voice from heaven saying to them, “Come up here!” They went up into heaven in a cloud, and their enemies saw them.

13In that day there was a great earthquake, and a tenth of the city fell. Seven thousand people were killed in the earthquake, and the rest were terrified and gave glory to the God of heaven.

14The second woe is past. Behold, the third woe comes quickly.

15The seventh angel sounded, and great voices in heaven followed, saying, “The kingdom of the world has become the Kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ. He will reign forever and ever!”

16The twenty-four elders, who sit on their thrones before God’s throne, fell on their faces and worshiped God,

17saying: “We give you thanks, Lord God, the Almighty, the one who is and who was, because you have taken your great power and reigned.

18The nations were angry, and your wrath came, as did the time for the dead to be judged, and to give your bondservants the prophets, their reward, as well as to the saints and those who fear your name, to the small and the great, and to destroy those who destroy the earth.”

19God’s temple that is in heaven was opened, and the ark of the Lord’s covenant was seen in his temple. Lightnings, sounds, thunders, an earthquake, and great hail followed.

Early Christian texts and source notes

1868 (English edition) | Historical editor/translator (individual note author unspecified)

Rev. xi. 19.

Editorial footnote · Against Heresies, Book 4, Preface or unspecified section · Original source

1870 (English edition) | Historical editor/translator (individual note author unspecified)

Comp. Rev. xi. 7, xii. 3, xiii. 1, xvii. 8.

Editorial footnote · The Shepherd of Hermas, The Writings of the Apostolic Fathers / THE PASTOR OF HERMAS. / BOOK FIRST.—VISIONS. / VISION FOURTH. CONCERNING THE TRIAL AND TRIBULATION THAT ARE TO COME UPON MEN. · Original source

Date uncertain | Hermas (traditional work attribution)

Twenty days after the former vision I saw another vision, brethren—a representation of the tribulation that is to come. I was going to a country house along the Campanian road. Now the house lay about ten furlongs from the public road. The district is one rarely traversed. And as I walked alone, I prayed the Lord to complete the revelations which He had made to me through His holy Church, that He might strengthen me, and give repentance to all His servants who were going astray, that His great and glorious name might be glorified because He vouchsafed to show me His marvels. And while I was glorifying Him and giving Him thanks, a voice, as it were, answered me, “Doubt not, Hermas;” and I began to think with myself, and to say, “What reason have I to doubt—I who have been established by the Lord, and who have seen such glorious sights?” I advanced a little, brethren, and, lo! I see dust rising even to the heavens. I began to say to myself, “Are cattle approaching and raising the dust?” It was about a furlong’s distance from me. And, lo! I see the dust rising more and more, so that I imagined that it was something sent from God. But the sun now shone out a little, and, lo! I see a mighty beast like a whale, and out of its mouth fiery locusts proceeded. But the size of that beast was about a hundred feet, and it had a head like an urn. I began to weep, and to call on the Lord to rescue me from it. Then I remembered the word which I had heard, “Doubt not, O Hermas.” Clothed, therefore, my brethren, with faith in the Lord, and remembering the great things which He had taught me, I boldly faced the beast. Now that beast came on with such noise and force, that it could itself have destroyed a city. I came near it, and the monstrous beast stretched itself out on the ground, and showed nothing but its tongue, and did not stir at all until I had passed by it. Now the beast had four colours on its head—black, then fiery and bloody, then golden, and lastly white.

Source passage · edition’s verse reference · The Shepherd of Hermas, The Writings of the Apostolic Fathers / THE PASTOR OF HERMAS. / BOOK FIRST.—VISIONS. / VISION FOURTH. CONCERNING THE TRIAL AND TRIBULATION THAT ARE TO COME UPON MEN. · Original source